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Clomid (Clomiphene)

  • Generic name: Clomiphene citrate
  • Brand names: Clomid, Serophene
  • Drug class: Selective estrogen receptor modulator, Ovulatory stimulant

Clomiphene (Clomid) is the most commonly used fertility medication for women with ovulation problems. It is effective for ovulation induction, inexpensive, and easy to use.

Clomiphene citrate remains the initial drug of choice for ovulation induction because of its effectiveness, low cost, and mild side effects.

Clomiphene prescription success rate
Clomiphene citrate is generally very effective for most women suffering from ovulatory dysfunction without other fertility problems. In fact, between 70% and 90% of women taking Clomid begin to ovulate within the first three cycles. Additionally, 40% of couples become pregnant during the first three cycles. With the use of Clomid, there is an 5-10% risk of multiple pregnancy (most commonly twins) as compared to a 1-2% resulting from natural conception.

The medication is less effective in older women and in women with a higher body mass index (BMI).

Live birth rate
Very little information is available on the live birth rate for Clomid. According to a study the live-birth rate is about 22.5%.

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Drug Information

Used for over 40 years to help induce and regulate ovulation, Clomid is often highly successful at producing a pregnancy. However, taking Clomid does not guarantee that you will ovulate and become pregnant.

Clomiphene stimulates the body to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), the necessary hormones for ovulation. The drug behaves like an "anti-estrogen," and convinces the body that the estrogen level is low. Clomiphene can cause the body to produce two or three times the normal amount of estrogen. This medication does not directly stimulate ovulation, but instead returns the sequence of events surrounding ovulation to a more normal state.

Women most likely to achieve success with clomiphene are those with:

  • polycystic ovary syndrome
  • amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome
  • psychogenic amenorrhea
  • post-oral-contraceptive amenorrhea
  • certain cases of secondary amenorrhea of undetermined etiology
  • anovulatory cycles (menstruation without ovulation)

How to take

Once you get clomiphene citrate:

  • It is important to start the prescription only after menstruation has started and to avoid its use during pregnancy. This drug is in category X and may be teratogenic to the fetus.
  • American Society for Reproductive Medicine recommends that patients generally be limited to no more than six ovulatory cycles of this medication.
  • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (or OHSS, enlargement of the ovary) has occurred in women taking clomiphene. OHSS may progress rapidly and become serious. The early warning signs are severe pelvic pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight gain. Symptoms include abdominal pain, abdominal enlargement, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight gain, difficult or labored breathing, and less urine production. If you experience any of these warning signs or symptoms, notify your doctor immediately.
  • Do NOT use Clomid if you are pregnant, have abnormal vaginal bleeding, ovarian cysts (small growths on the ovaries) or enlargement not due to polycystic ovarian syndrome, have or have ever had blockage of blood vessels (blood clots) in the legs, lungs, or other parts of the body, have liver problems, uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal gland problems.

Clomid dosage

Clomiphene is taken orally for 5 days, generally starting day 2-5 of your cycle (day 1 is the first day of full menstrual bleeding). Progress can be monitored at home by tracking basal body temperatures (BBT) or using an over-the-counter ovulation predictor kit, however the healthcare provider should determine the best strategy for monitoring the drug's effect. Some prefer that their patients visit the office, because multiple follicles may develop in response to clomiphene. A transvaginal ultrasound can be performed to monitor follicular development.

Couples are advised to have intercourse every other day for one week beginning a few days after the last day of medication, because an ovulatory surge of gonadotropins can occur five to 10 days after the last day the drug is taken.

Treatment is started at 50 mg (1 tablet) daily for five days. There is a correlation between body weight and dosage. Because the pregnancy rate is no higher at twice the dosage, it makes no sense to ask for a higher dosage. However, if the first cycle does not cause ovulation, the second cycle will be at 50 mg higher. Dosages increase by 50 mg until 150 mg is reached. Success at 200 mg or 250 mg is rare.

If you do not ovulate after 3 courses or do not become pregnant after 3 ovulations, your doctor will stop the therapy.

Clomid (generic Clomiphene citrate) may be purchased without a prescription via online. However, you should not buy and use fertility drug without doctor's examination, particularly when you don't know the exact cause of infertility.

Interesting facts

drugs
  • Clomid has been used to induce ovulation for more 40 years.
  • Clomid is the most widely used treatment for ovulation induction in reproductive medicine today.
  • Twin pregnancies may occur in as many as 5-10% of the women who use Clomid. Triplet pregnancies are far more rare.
  • Use in bodybuilding:
    Clomid (clomiphene) is commonly used by bodybuilders to bind the estrogen receptors in their bodies. It is effective in reducing risk of gynecomastia during a cycle employing aromatizable steroids. It also restores the body's natural production of testosterone. It is commonly used as a "recovery drug" and taken toward the end of a steroid cycle.
  • Use in men:
    Clomid (clomiphene) may be used to treat low sperm counts (oligospermia) in men.