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Synthroid side effects, dosage, uses
Brand Name: Synthroid
Generic Name: Levothyroxine
The following product information is not a substitute for physician's
or manufacturer's instructions.
| Medication |
Quantity |
Pharmacy |
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Synthroid Medical Uses:
Levothyroxine is a synthetic thyroid hormone used for the treatment
of hypothyroidism (low thyroid hormone secretion).
Synthroid Dosage:
- Adults and teenagers: At first, 0.0125 to 0.05 mg once a day. Then,
your doctor may increase your dose a little at a time to 0.075 to
0.125 mg a day. The dose is usually no higher than 0.15 mg once a
day.
- Children less than 6 months of age: The dose is based on body weight
and must be determined by your doctor. The usual dose is 0.025 to
0.05 mg once a day.
- Children 6 months to 12 months of age: The dose is based on body
weight and must be determined by your doctor. The usual dose is 0.05
to 0.075 mg once a day.
- Children 1 to 5 years of age: The dose is based on body weight and
must be determined by your doctor. The usual dose is 0.075 to 0.1
mg once a day.
- Children 6 to 10 years of age: The dose is based on body weight
and must be determined by your doctor. The usual dose is 0.1 to 0.15
mg once a day.
- Children over 10 years of age: The dose is based on body weight
and must be determined by your doctor. The usual dose is 0.15 to 0.2
mg once a day.
Possible Side Effects:
Adverse reactions associated with levothyroxine therapy are usually
symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to therapeutic overdosage.
Synthroid (furosemide) can cause the following adverse reactions:
- hypersensitivity reactions (such as rash, urticaria)
- partial hair loss during the initial months of therapy (generally
transient)
- pseudotumor cerebri in pediatric patients
- angioedema (swelling of the hands, feet, trunk, face, abdomen and
airways)
- diarrhea , stomach cramps
- nervousness
- irritability
- insomnia
- excessive sweating
- increased appetite
- increased heart rate
Synthroid Precautions:
- Thyroid hormones, either alone or together with other therapeutic
agents, should not be used for the treatment of obesity.
Pregnancy & Breast Feeding:
Pregnancy Category A. Studies in pregnant women have not shown
that levothyroxine sodium increases the risk of fetal abnormalities
if administered during pregnancy. If levothyroxine sodium is used during
pregnancy, the possibility of fetal harm appears remote. Because the
studies cannot rule out the possibility of harm, levothyroxine sodium
should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
Nursing Mothers. Minimal amounts of thyroid hormones are excreted
in human milk. Thyroid hormones are not associated with serious adverse
reactions and do not have known tumorigenic potential.
Drug Interactions:
Synthroid may interact with the following drugs:
- aluminum hydoxide, cholestyramine resin, colestipol hydrochloride,
ferrous sulfate, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, soybean flour (e.g.,
infant formula), sucralfate - may bind and decrease absorption of
levothyroxine
- androgens and related anabolic hormones, asparaginase, clofibrate,
estrogens and estrogen-containing compounds, 5-fluorouracil, furosemide,
glucocorticoids, meclofenamic acid, mefenamic acid, methadone, perphenazine,
phenylbutazone, phenytoin, salicylates, tamoxifen - may either inhibit
levothyroxine sodium binding to serum proteins or alter the concentrations
of serum binding proteins
- aminoglutethimide, p-aminosalicylic acid, amiodarone, androgens
and related anabolic hormones, complex anions (thiocyanate, perchlorate,
pertechnetate), antithyroid drugs, b-adrenergic blocking agents, carbamazepine,
chloral hydrate, diazepam, dopamine and dopamine agonists, ethionamide,
glucocorticoids, heparin, hepatic enzyme inducers, insulin, iodinated
cholestographic agents, iodine- containing compounds, levodopa, lovastatin,
lithium, 6-mercaptopurine, metoclopramide, mitotane, nitroprusside,
phenobarbital, phenytoin, resorcinol, rifampin, somatostatin analogs,
sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, thiazide diuretics - may alter thyroid
hormone or TSH levels, generally by effects on thyroid hormone synthesis,
secretion, distribution, metabolism, hormone action, or elimination,
or altered TSH secretion
- adrenocorticoids - metabolic clearance of adrenocorticoids is decreased
in hypothyroid patients and increased in hyperthyroid patients, and
may therefore change with changing thyroid status.
- amiodarone - can cause hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism.
- anticoagulants (oral) - hypoprothrombinemic effect of anticoagulants
may be potentiated, apparently by increased catabloism of vitamin
K-dependent clotting factors.
- antidiabetic agents (Insulin, Sulfonylureas) - requirements for
insulin or oral antidiabetic agents may be reduced in hypothyroid
patients with diabetes mellitus and may subsequently increase with
the initiation of thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
- beta-adrenergic blocking agents - actions of some of beta-blocking
agents may be impaired when hypothyroid patients become euthyroid.
- cytokines (interferon, interleukin) - have been reported to induce
both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism.
- digitalis glycosides - therapeutic effects of digitalis glycosides
may be reduced. Serum digitalis levels may be decreased in hyperthyroidism
or when a hypothyroid patient becomes euthyroid.
- ketamine - marked hypertension and tachycardia have been reported
in association with concomitant administration of levothyroxine sodium
and ketamine
- maprotiline - risk of cardiac arrhythmias may increase
- sodium iodide - uptake of radiolabeled ions may be decreased.
- somatrem/somatropin - excessive concurrent use of thyroid hormone
may accelerate epiphyseal closure. Untreated hypothyroidism may interfere
with the growth response to somatrem or somatropin.
- theophylline clearance may decrease in hypothyroid patients and
return toward normal when a euthyroid state is achieved.
- tricyclic antidepressants - concurrent use may increase the therapeutic
and toxic effects of both drugs, possibly due to increased catecholamine
sensitivity. Onset of action of tricyclics may be accelerated.
- sympathomimetic agents - possible increased risk of coronary insufficiency
in patients with coronary artery disease.
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